Writing
Research, frameworks, and public essays on how AI changes knowledge, judgment, and action, and how institutions adapt under uncertainty.
Topics include AI literacy, workforce development, higher education, institutional strategy, and knowledge governance.
Start here
- AI Literacy for All: A Universal Framework The foundational capability model. What any adult should be able to do with AI.
- The AI Answer Economy in Education and Research What changes when answers become abundant and judgment becomes scarce.
- Anchored Adaptation A method for helping institutions learn and act under conditions of rapid technological change.
Forthcoming book
- Anchored Adaptation: AI Literacy and Workforce Reskilling in Academic LibrariesFall 2027
Frameworks and protocols
- Anchored Adaptation: Definition and Playbook Sets out a method for acting on AI while evidence, technology, and institutional conditions keep changing. Definition, implementation playbook, and supporting materials live on the dedicated site.
- The CLEAR path: A framework for enhancing information literacy through prompt engineering Introduces the CLEAR Framework, now used in more than 200 institutional guides worldwide.
- The CARE approach for academic librarians: From search first to answer first with generative AI Introduces the CARE approach and defines four types of AI answer.
- From Prompt to Agentic AI: The PASTAS Checklist for Context Engineering Sets out the PASTAS checklist for designing and governing AI agents.
- The University of Virginia Archival AI Protocol, v1.1 Establishes standards for how AI systems may access and use archival collections, separating foundation-model training from retrieval-based systems. Published with an Adoption Kit for institutions putting it into practice.
- Statement of Shared Practice on AI Training Requests and Unique Cultural Collections Establishes a voluntary professional commitment for libraries, archives, and museums responding to AI training requests. Launched April 2026 with 12 founding institutions.
- AI Literacy for All: A Universal FrameworkPreprint Provides a five-component model across four progressive levels, with rubrics, written for everyone rather than for one profession.
Briefs
- The AI Answer Economy in Education and Research: Definition, Scope, and Claims Defines the term for education and research, sets out what it covers and what it does not, and states claims that can be tested, taught, and built into policy.
- Memory Without Origin: Why Research Libraries and Archives Need Governance Infrastructure for the AI Training Era Explains why an AI training request is a stewardship decision rather than an access decision, and why a system that trains on a collection cannot be undone.
Peer-reviewed research
- Evaluating AI literacy in academic libraries: A survey study with a focus on U.S. employees Winner of the 2025 CALA Jing Liao Award for Best Research.
- Transforming academic librarianship through AI reskilling: Insights from the GPT-4 exploration program
Practitioner and policy writing
- AI Literacy: A Guide for Academic Libraries
- Artificial intelligence regulation matures: Landscapes of the USA, European Union, and China
- AI policies across the globe: Implications and recommendations for libraries
- An initial interpretation of the U.S. Department of Education's AI Report: Implications and recommendations for academic libraries
- The Art and Science of Prompt Engineering: A New Literacy in the Information Age
Public writing
- How Higher Ed Can Adjust to the AI-Answer Economy
- AI has a hidden water cost — here's how to calculate yours
- What Happens if Libraries Can't Buy Ebooks?
- Is using AI tools innovation or exploitation? 3 ways to think about the ethics
- Human Meets AI: Helping Educators Navigate Their Emotions About Technological Change
- Addressing the Unavoidable AI Literacy in Higher Education
- Universities need to help improve AI-driven internet searches
Selected public essays have appeared in The Conversation, Inside Higher Ed, EdSurge, and Times Higher Education.